# Structure constant

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2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 17A01 [MSN][ZBL]

of an algebra $A$ over a field or over a commutative associative ring $P$

An element $c_{\alpha\beta}^\gamma \in P$, $\alpha, \beta, \gamma \in I$, defined by the equality $$e_\alpha e_\beta = \sum_\gamma c_{\alpha\beta}^\gamma e_\gamma$$ where $\{ e_\alpha : \alpha \in I \}$ is a fixed base of $A$. The structure constants determine the algebra uniquely. If the $d_{\xi\eta}^\zeta$ are the structure constants of the algebra $A$ in another base $\{ f_\xi : \xi \in I \}$, where $f_\xi = \sum t_\xi^\alpha e_\alpha$, then $$\sum_\xi d_{\xi\eta}^\zeta t_\xi^\gamma = \sum_{\alpha,\beta} t_\xi^\alpha t_\eta^\beta c_{\alpha\beta}^\gamma \ .$$ Every identity that is true in $A$ can be expressed by relations between structure constants. For example, $$c_{\alpha\beta}^\gamma = c_{\beta\alpha}^\gamma$$ (commutativity); $$\sum_\xi c_{\alpha\beta}^\xi c_{\xi\lambda}^\gamma = \sum_\sigma c_{\alpha\sigma}^\lambda c_{\beta\gamma}^\sigma$$ (associativity); $$\sum_\xi \left({ c_{\alpha\beta}^\xi c_{\xi\gamma}^\lambda + c_{\beta\gamma}^\xi c_{\xi\alpha}^\lambda + c_{\gamma\alpha}^\xi c_{\xi\beta}^\lambda }\right)$$ (Jacobi's identity).

#### References

 [a1] P.M. Cohn, "Algebra" , 2 , Wiley (1989) pp. 167ff
How to Cite This Entry:
Structure constant. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Structure_constant&oldid=38896
This article was adapted from an original article by L.A. Skornyakov (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article