Namespaces
Variants
Actions

Difference between revisions of "Osculating circle"

From Encyclopedia of Mathematics
Jump to: navigation, search
(TeX)
(details)
Line 2: Line 2:
 
''at a given point $M$ of a curve $l$''
 
''at a given point $M$ of a curve $l$''
  
The circle that has contact of order $n\geq2$ with $l$ at $M$ (see [[Osculation|Osculation]]). If the curvature of $l$ at $M$ is zero, then the osculating circle degenerates into a straight line. The radius of the osculating circle is called the radius of curvature of $l$ at $M$, and its centre the centre of curvature (see Fig.). If $l$ is the plane curve given by an equation $y=f(x)$, then the radius of the osculating circle is given by
+
The circle that has contact of order $n\geq2$ with $l$ at $M$ (see [[Osculation]]). If the curvature of $l$ at $M$ is zero, then the osculating circle degenerates into a straight line. The radius of the osculating circle is called the radius of curvature of $l$ at $M$, and its centre the centre of curvature (see Fig.). If $l$ is the plane curve given by an equation $y=f(x)$, then the radius of the osculating circle is given by
  
 
$$\rho=\left|\frac{(1+y'^2)^{3/2}}{y''}\right|.$$
 
$$\rho=\left|\frac{(1+y'^2)^{3/2}}{y''}\right|.$$
Line 19: Line 19:
  
 
(where the primes denote differentiation with respect to $u$).
 
(where the primes denote differentiation with respect to $u$).
 
 
 
====Comments====
 
 
  
 
====References====
 
====References====
<table><TR><TD valign="top">[a1]</TD> <TD valign="top">  R.S. Millman,  G.D. Parker,  "Elements of differential geometry" , Prentice-Hall  (1977)  pp. 39</TD></TR><TR><TD valign="top">[a2]</TD> <TD valign="top">  D.J. Struik,  "Lectures on classical differential geometry" , Dover, reprint  (1988)  pp. 14</TD></TR></table>
+
<table>
 +
<TR><TD valign="top">[a1]</TD> <TD valign="top">  R.S. Millman,  G.D. Parker,  "Elements of differential geometry" , Prentice-Hall  (1977)  pp. 39</TD></TR><TR><TD valign="top">[a2]</TD> <TD valign="top">  D.J. Struik,  "Lectures on classical differential geometry" , Dover, reprint  (1988)  pp. 14</TD></TR>
 +
</table>

Revision as of 06:11, 16 April 2023

at a given point $M$ of a curve $l$

The circle that has contact of order $n\geq2$ with $l$ at $M$ (see Osculation). If the curvature of $l$ at $M$ is zero, then the osculating circle degenerates into a straight line. The radius of the osculating circle is called the radius of curvature of $l$ at $M$, and its centre the centre of curvature (see Fig.). If $l$ is the plane curve given by an equation $y=f(x)$, then the radius of the osculating circle is given by

$$\rho=\left|\frac{(1+y'^2)^{3/2}}{y''}\right|.$$

Figure: o070540a

If $l$ is the spatial curve given by equations

$$x=x(u),\quad y=y(u),\quad z=z(u),$$

then the radius of the osculating circle is given by

$$\rho=\frac{(x'^2+y'^2+z'^2)^{3/2}}{\sqrt{(y'z''-z'y'')^2+(z'x''-x'z'')^2+(x'y''-y'z'')^2}}$$

(where the primes denote differentiation with respect to $u$).

References

[a1] R.S. Millman, G.D. Parker, "Elements of differential geometry" , Prentice-Hall (1977) pp. 39
[a2] D.J. Struik, "Lectures on classical differential geometry" , Dover, reprint (1988) pp. 14
How to Cite This Entry:
Osculating circle. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Osculating_circle&oldid=53805
This article was adapted from an original article by BSE-3 (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article